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Primary Antibodies > Sample Size Primary Antibodies

TNF alpha Antibody

Rabbit Polyclonal

Code

214-401-306S

Size

25 µL

Price

$89.00

Availability

Ships next business day.

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Western blot using Rockland's protein-A purified anti-swine TNFa antibody shows detection of recombinant Swine TNFa at about 16.9 kDa raised in yeast. The identity of the faint band at 135 kDa is not known. The protein was purified and resolved by SDS-PAGE, then transferred to PVDF membrane. Membrane was blocked with 3% BSA (BSA-30, diluted 1:10), and probed with 1 µg/mL primary antibody overnight at 4°C. After washing, membrane was probed with IRDye800™ Conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (p/n 611-132-122) for 45 min at room temperature.

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Synonyms: TNF-A, TNFa, TNF alpha, cachexin, cachectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNFSF2, TNFSF1A.

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TNF alpha Antibody Properties

Description

Anti-Swine TNFa (RABBIT) Antibody - 214-401-306S

Host

Rabbit

Target Species

Swine

Known Cross Reactivity

Swine

Clonality

Polyclonal

Application

ELISA : 1:2,000 - 1:2,500
Western Blot : 1:1000
Immunohistochemistry: User Optimized

Physical State

Liquid (sterile filtered)

Shipping condition

Dry Ice

Format

IgG

Label

Unconjugated

Concentration

1.15 mg/mL by UV absorbance at 280 nm

Buffer

0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2

Preservative

0.01% (w/v) Sodium Azide

Stabilizer

None

GeneName

TNFA

TNF alpha Antibody Description

Background

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) in humans is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine. It is expressed by many different stimulated cell types including monocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and both T and B-lymphocytes, but especially by macrophages. It affects most organs. The production of TNFa is induced by IL-1, PDGF, IFN-beta, NGF, Oncostatin M and certain fungal, viral, and parasitic invasions. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide is an especially potent stimulus. The primary role of TNFa is in the regulation of immune cells. TNFa mediates septic shock in response to infection. It initiates a cascade of cytokines and increases vascular permeability, thereby recruiting macrophages and neutrophils. TNFa secreted by macrophages causes blood clotting which helps contain infection. TNFa is also able to induce apoptotic cell death or inflammation, and to inhibit viral replication. It possesses growth stimulating, inhibitory, and self regulatory properties. Dysregulation of TNFa production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, as well as cancer. The presence of TNFa is responsible for diverse immunomodulatory and toxic effects. For instance, TNFa induces neutrophil proliferation during inflammation, but it also induces neutrophil apoptosis upon binding to the TNF-R55 receptor. TNFa causes necrosis of some types of tumors, but promotes growth of other types. Low levels may aid in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the body's circadian rhythm, and may promote remodeling or replacement of injured and senescent tissue by stimulating fibroblast growth. High levels of TNFa correlate with increased risk of mortality.

Immunogen

This protein-A purified antibody was prepared from whole rabbit serum produced by repeated immunizations with a recombinant protein raised in yeast, corresponding to 154 amino acids of mature swine TNFa.

Immunogen Type

Recombinant Protein

Storage Condition

Store vial at -20° C or below prior to opening. This vial contains a relatively low volume of reagent (25 µL). To minimize loss of volume dilute 1:10 by adding 225 µL of the buffer stated above directly to the vial. Recap, mix thoroughly and briefly centrifuge to collect the volume at the bottom of the vial. Use this intermediate dilution when calculating final dilutions as recommended below. Store the vial at -20°C or below after dilution. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing.

Application Note

This protein A purified antibody is suitable for ELISA and Western blotting. Specific conditions for reactivity should be optimized by the end user. Expect a band approximately 16.9 kDa in size corresponding to swine TNFa by western blotting in the appropriate cell lysate or extract.

Purity/Specifity

This product was Protein-A purified from monospecific antiserum by chromatography. It is specific for swine TNFa protein. A BLAST analysis was used to suggest cross-reactivity with TNFa from swine sources based on 100% homology with the immunizing sequence. Partial reactivity is expected against TNFa from monkey, human, chimpanzee, macaque, baboon, vervet, mangabey, rough-toothed dolphin and beluga whale based on 94-95% homology; from manatee, dog, cat, panda, ferret, and bottle-nosed dolphin (92-93%), and horse, goat, bovine, sheep, rhinoceros, elk and nilgai based on 90-91% homology. Cross-reactivity with TNFa from sources other than swine has not been determined.

Disclaimer Note-General

This product is for research use only and is not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic applications. Please contact a technical service representative for more information. All products of animal origin manufactured by Rockland Immunochemicals are derived from starting materials of North American origin. Collection was performed in United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) inspected facilities and all materials have been inspected and certified to be free of disease and suitable for exportation. All properties listed are typical characteristics and are not specifications. All suggestions and data are offered in good faith but without guarantee as conditions and methods of use of our products are beyond our control. All claims must be made within 30 days following the date of delivery. The prospective user must determine the suitability of our materials before adopting them on a commercial scale. Suggested uses of our products are not recommendations to use our products in violation of any patent or as a license under any patent of Rockland Immunochemicals, Inc. If you require a commercial license to use this material and do not have one, then return this material, unopened to: Rockland Inc., P.O. BOX 326, Gilbertsville, Pennsylvania, USA.

General Reference

Murray J, Barbara J, Dunkley S et al. RegulationofNeutrophil Apoptosis by Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha: Requirements for TNF-R55 and TNF-R75 for Induction of Apoptosis InVitro. Blood 1997; 90(7): 2772-83. Kim,C.J., Kovacs-Nolan,J., Yang,C., Archbold,T., Fan,M.Z. and Mine,Y. L-cysteine supplementation attenuates local inflammation and restores gut homeostasis in a porcine model of colitis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1790 (10), 1161-1169 (2009) Luo,X., Li,H.X., Liu,R.X., Wu,Z.S., Yang,Y.J. and Yang,G.S. Beta-catenin protein utilized by Tumour necrosis factor-alpha in porcine preadipocytes to suppress differentiation. BMB Rep 42 (6), 338-343 (2009) Zhu,Y., Fossum,C., Berg,M. and Magnusson,U. Morphometric analysis of proinflammatory cytokines in mammary glands of sows suggests an association between clinical mastitis and local production of IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Vet. Res. 38 (6), 871-882 (2007)

Specific Reference

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AMCA Conjugates

Antigen Retrieval Methods

Azide Removal by Dialysis

Beta Galactosidase Conjugates

Biotin Binding Assay (HABA)

Biotin Conjugates

Cell Lysates Protocol

CyDye™ Conjugates

DyLight™ Antibody Conjugate Properties

DyLight™ Antibody Spectra